New Mexico is located in the southwestern region of the United States.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the estimated population of New Mexico in 2020 was 2,117,522.
The capital of New Mexico is Santa Fe, and the estimated population of Santa Fe in 2020 was 85,582.
The most populous city in New Mexico is Albuquerque, with an estimated population of 562,281 in 2020.
New Mexico has a rich and diverse history that dates back thousands of years. The state is home to a unique blend of Native American, Spanish, Mexican, and American cultures.
Pre-Columbian Era: The earliest known human settlement in New Mexico dates back to at least 11,000 BCE, when the Clovis people roamed the area. Later, several Native American tribes, such as the Navajo, Apache, and Pueblo people, established settlements throughout the region.
Spanish Colonial Era: In 1540, Spanish explorer Francisco Vásquez de Coronado arrived in the region in search of the fabled Seven Cities of Gold. In 1598, the Spanish established their first permanent settlement in the area, which they called Santa Fe. The Spanish maintained control over the region for the next 250 years, and during this time, they established several missions, towns, and trading posts throughout New Mexico.
Mexican Era: In 1821, Mexico gained independence from Spain, and New Mexico became a part of the new Mexican Republic. During this time, trade with the United States increased, and many American traders and settlers moved into the region.
American Territorial Era: In 1846, the United States declared war on Mexico and gained control of New Mexico. In 1850, New Mexico was officially organized as a territory of the United States. During this time, the United States established military forts, built railroads, and continued to expand its settlements throughout the region.
Statehood and Modern Era: In 1912, New Mexico became the 47th state to join the United States. During the 20th century, New Mexico played a significant role in the development of nuclear technology, and the state was home to several important military and scientific installations, such as Los Alamos National Laboratory and White Sands Missile Range. Today, New Mexico is known for its diverse landscapes, rich cultural heritage, and vibrant arts scene.